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The emission lines in the spectrum of Ton 618 have been found to be unusually wide, indicating that the gas is travelling very fast the full width half maxima of Ton 618 has been the largest of the 29 QSO's, with hints of 7,000 km/s speeds of infalling material by a direct measure of the H β line, indication of a very strong gravitational force. Shemmer and coauthors used both N V and C IV emission lines in order to calculate the widths of the H β spectral line of at least 29 QSO's, including Ton 618, as a direct measurement of their accretion rates and hence the mass of the central black hole. The size of the broad-line region can be calculated from the brightness of the quasar radiation that is lighting it up. Like other quasars, Ton 618 has a spectrum containing emission lines from cooler gas much further out than the accretion disc, in the broad-line region. With an absolute magnitude of −30.7, it shines with a luminosity of 4 ×10 40 watts, or as brilliantly as 140 trillion times that of the Sun, making it one of the brightest objects in the known Universe. Due to the brilliance of the central quasar, the surrounding galaxy is outshined by it and hence is not visible from Earth. The light originating from the quasar is estimated to be 10.8 billion years old. Components Supermassive black hole Īs a quasar, Ton 618 is believed to be the active galactic nucleus at the center of a galaxy, the engine of which is a supermassive black hole feeding on intensely hot gas and matter in an accretion disc. From the high redshift of the lines Ulrich deduced that Ton 618 was very distant, and hence was one of the most luminous quasars known. Marie-Helene Ulrich then obtained optical spectra of Ton 618 at the McDonald Observatory which showed emission lines typical of a quasar. In 1970, a radio survey at Bologna in Italy discovered radio emission from Ton 618, indicating that it was a quasar. On photographic plates taken with the 0.7 m Schmidt telescope at the Tonantzintla Observatory in Mexico, it appeared "decidedly violet" and was listed by the Mexican astronomers Braulio Iriarte and Enrique Chavira as entry number 618 in the Tonantzintla Catalogue. īecause quasars were not recognized until 1963, the nature of this object was unknown when it was first noted in a 1957 survey of faint blue stars (mainly white dwarfs) that lie away from the plane of the Milky Way. It possesses one of the most massive black holes ever found, with a mass of 66 billion M ☉.
Hyperluminous quasar in a Lyman-alpha blobįBQS J122824.9+312837, B2 1225+31, B2 1225+317, 7C 1225+3145 Ĭoordinates: 12 h 28 m 24.97 s, +31° 28′ 37.7″ Ton 618 is a hyperluminous, broad-absorption-line, radio-loud quasar and Lyman-alpha blob located near the border of the constellations Canes Venatici and Coma Berenices, with the projected comoving distance of approximately 18.2 billion light-years from Earth. The quasar appears as the bright, bluish-white dot at the center. Ton 618, imaged by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 9 (DR9).
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